Fuel-burning apparatus.



H. B. BOZARD.

FUEL BURNING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 14, ms.

Patented Dec. 17, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

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, W i W QQNNJI m w a w 'H. B. BOZARD. FUEL BURNING AIfPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED FEB.14, 191s.

Patented Dec. 17, 1918.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

HARRISON B. BOZARD, F HAMILTON, ONTARIO,

'" omen CANADA.

FUEL-BURNIN G APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 17, 1918.

Application filed February 14, 1916. 'Serial No. 78,134.

- To all whom it may concern:

inatically changed 11 in a base member 12 that Be it known that I, HARRISONVB. BOZARD, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Fuel-Burning Apparatus; and do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and. exact description thereof. a

The object of my invention generally stated, is the economical use of fuel in stoves, furnaces, and other heat producing devices, by utilizing to a high degree all the combustible elements of the fuel, and besides important structural improvements, whose objects and advantages are hereinafter fullyset forth, 1 have in view the provision of means whereb air that is preheated may be delivered in t e combustion zone or below the grate,'and whose course may be autoso that its place of delivery will be either the combustion zone or below the grate.

In the accompanyingdrawings- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a water heater embodying my invention, a side wall being broken away;

Fig. 2 is a detail view in vertical section through the lower art thereof at the front;

Fig. 3 is a detail view in vertical section on a large scale through the feed passage.

Fig. 4 is a detail view of the adjustable feed door damper;

Referring to the drawings, 10 designates a water boiler adapted for burning coal or coke, having therefor a fuel supportin grate contains t e ash pit which, as usual, is accessible through a front door 13; 14 designates a feed passage that projects-forwardly, its outer end being closed bya hinged door 15. Within the feed passage and forming in efiect an elevated false bottom therein, is a shut-ofi 16 that consists of a'plate that extends horizontally from the outer end of the feed passage and its inner end has vertical flange 17 that reaches to the bottom of .the feed assage opening at its inner end, so that a c amber closed at its rear end is provided in the lower part of the passage. Within said chamber a short distance in advance of its rear wall, is a vertical partition 18, from the upper edge of which extendshorizontally forward a partition plate 19, while from its lower .end extends horizontally forward a artition plate 20, the latter being shorter tiian the upper partition plate above it, The upper parti-' which is perforated tom of the hole tion plate at its forward end terminates in an upwardly and forwardly curved end wall by a hole or opening 21 and in advance of and contiguous to said curved wall, is pivoted by means of a rock shaft 22, a radius damper 23 which is adapted to swing between opposite sides of said opening 21 so as to change the direction orfiow of current therethrough. The shut-off within a short distance of a plate or diaphragm 24 which is secured by bolts 25 and spacing tubes 26 to the door 15, so as to make the latter a hollow body, the plate 24 not reaching at its lower edge to the bottom of the door, so that'thereby communication maybe had between the interior of the door and the front end of the chamber below the shut-01f 16. Thus, air admitted .throu h the outer wall of the door 15 enters said chamber and if the radius damper 23 is swung to or'near a vertical position with its free edge above the top edge of the hole 21, there will be a flow of air horizontally be.- tween the shut-ofi' l6 and the horizontal partition plate 19, to the rear end of said cham-' ber and thence downwar 7 through the passage formed by the partit'on and rear wall of the shut-ofi late at the rear end of said chamber and t ence forward; whereas, if

said radius damper be lowered to a horizontal position with its free edge below the hot- 21; the current or draft of air from the hollow door will be reversed and flowing first horizontally rearward, until it reaches the rear end of the chamber and thence upwardly and forwardly,and passing through said hole 21 and above said radius damper 23; will pass through the space between the inner side of the door or plate 24 and the front edge of the shut-ofi 16 and then entering the feed passage, will move rearward through the latter into the combustion zone, all as in the apparatus of my Patent N 0. 1,154,606, issued Sept. '28, 1915. Underthe conditions last described, a wall or partition extending from the radius damper pivoted to vents the direct passage of the draft to the space between the'door plate 24 and the front edge of the shut-ofi' 15. The said partition consists of a wall 27 and a plate'28 attached the rear door plate 24 pre- 7 thereto by bolts 280, which reaches at its wall or the feed passage and from due to the ash pit befood passage above the ward, and contiguous to it is hinged a radius damper 29 which is adapted to swing to and from a port or hole 30 in the bottom which leads a passage or low the grate. Thus, when the radius damper is lifted to uncover said porter hole, the current of air or draft flowing forward from the rear end of the chamber below the feed passage will be prevented from passing beyond said hole by said damper, and accordingly will descend through the hole and find its way into the ash pit below the grate. 'lo cause the two radius dampers to move in unison, l join them by a connecting rod 31, preferably adjustable as by means or? a turn buckle 32 at mid-length, the connection between the two dampers being such that, when the damper is lowered to close the hole 30, the damper will reference to the hole 30, so as to allow the unobstructed draft or flow of air forward through the upper part of the chamber below the shut-0d plate 16 and in to the shut-ofi .16. inesmuch as the radius damper 23 is desired to have a greater swing than the other damper 29, the rod which connects the two dampers has a loose connection with the damper 23 which is suppliedby a slot 33 so that even after the damper 29 has come to a. rest, continued movement of the damper 23 may take place. The movements of the two dampers are preferably automatically produced, for which purpose I attach to the rock shaft 22 of the damper 23 outside the feed passage a crank arm 3% to which is connected the lower end of a rod or chain 35, whose upper end is connected to the lever oil a common form of regulator whose movements are in accordance with the temperature in the "furnace, and hence, the draft and the direction of it, whether above the lire or below the grate, are automatically regulated or controlled by the heat requirements of the case. it will be evident that air flowing through the hollow door and through the circuitous passages provided below the feed passage, coming in contact with the heated surfaces of the parts will have itstemperature raised before it is delivered into the;

combustion chamber or below the grate,

iic ease the heating eilec't, within ere alternating inward proe 5o d' fl,i,' QS c, an in the chamber in t or the pouch, there are simins or ribs f4,

comes con be swung to a position with.

:"iew combustible gases being given oft from the burning fuel at the top thereof, there is need for the draft or delivery of preheated air beneath the grate so as to promote the comubstion of the tool therein, and it is under these conditions that the damper 29 is moved to a position to fully open the hole 30 while the damper 23 is moved to a position to shut off the draft or flow into the fuel-teeding passage, and to allow air coming through the hollow door to pass through the hole 21, which is controlled by the damper 23. However, until the damper 29 is lowered completely to close the hole 30 -for the underdraft, a portion of the preheated air may still pass the damper 23 and find its way to the combustion zone above the fuel in the tire pot, and thus promote the combustion of gases which might otherwise be lost. The loose connection between the two dampers allows such movement of the damper 23 independently or? the tions just pointed out.

The air is preferably received into the upper'part of the door through a damper, or slide controlled passage 38 in the outer wall of the door, and a peep hole 39 having a sheet of mica 39 is provided through the door to enable the state of combustion within the combustion chamber to be observed, this peep hole by the tubular flange 40 that projects from the inner plate 24 to the outer plate of the door. -A hinged cover 41 is provided for the peep hole.

To give ready access to the feed passage for cleaning or other purposes, a removable section 42 is provided that includes a portion of the bottom wall of the "feed passage at the front, and a portion at each of the opposite sides thereof overlapping arts being provided to receive removable bolt and nut connections l3,

Preferably there is a hole 30, near each side of the reed passage, and from the same a pipe or flue -l-l is carried downward and may be connected at its lower end with a nipple 5i on the front wall of the base member 12, which leads into a chamber l6 in the upper part thereof from which numerous ports or openings ll extend downward and inward into the ash pit, the arrangement of said ports or passages being such that ashes cannot accumulate in them. These ports a? a series of openings extending entirely around the ash pit so that the heated air is delivered into the ash pit the grate ll sides. upon base member l bered, ringdorm section d8 that sly around th I its naces h damper 29 as may be necessary 1n connection with the condlbeing in part formed tion are nipples/45 for connecting the fiues pics 51 in the base member through the chamber:

per part of the basein said section 48 it is 12 are coveredor still further heated. before its final delivery into the ash pit below the grate. Preferably a clean out opening is provided in the front side of the extra section 48 which is ordinarily closed as usual by a suitable door 53. a

The feed door damper 38 has its throw regulated so that the amount to which it may be moved to open the draft holes may be adjusted and set according to the requirements of the particular case, thus enabling the air supply through the feed door damper in each individual heating apparatus to be no greater than it requires. Said regulating means comprises a thumb screw 53 passing through a threaded opening in a lug 54 onslide 38 the feed door 15 and a lug 55 on the thumb in position to strike the end of the screw 53. ply of air for the particular heating appa- "ratus is ascertained, the adjustment of thethumb screw 53 is not thereafter disturbed and the damper'38 is simply moved to and fro to open and close the holes, as is usual.

As my invention may be embodied in structures difi'ering from that illustrated in the drawings, it is to be understood that I do not restrict myself to any particular construction unless the language of my claims bers requires it, and regard myself entitled to such changes as come within the scope of my invention as claimed.

My invention enables the various memto be given a shape or form which especially facilitates or renders easy the casting thereof and the parts are readily assembled and accessible for cleaning and repair, which are important considerations in the matter of original cost and upkeep.

Having thus described my invention, what. 1' claim is 1. A fuel burning apparatus comprising a fire pot, a grate, a fuel feeding passage leading to the fire pot, having a door at its outer end, an air preheating chamber, extending adjacent said fuel-feedlng passage from the door inward toward the firepot, having an the interior of When the proper maximum suP' i downward f m said chamber and mumcating with the space and damper mechanism grate, and means tocontrol through the other.

2. A'fuel burning fire pot, agrate, afuel feeding passage leadmg to the fire pot,- having a door at its outer end, an air preheating chamber extending ad acent said fuel-feeding passage from the .door inward toward adjacent the bottom of said feed pasage, havmgan air inlet, air outlet into sa1d passage adjacent the door, whereby air. may be passed into" the fire pot atsaid passage, a flue leading downward from said chamber and communicating with the intenor of' the apparatus below said grate, and means to control the passage of air from sa d chamber through said air outlet and sa1d flue, that act to shut 05 the passage of apparatus comprising a a thatact to'shut off the p'assage of air through one and permit it the firepot, and situated air through one and permit it through the other. I p 3. A fuel burn apparatus comprising a below said grate, for alternately openmg and closing said outlet, and said downwardly leadingflue.

in commumcation with the i 4. A fuel burning apparatus comprising a fire pot, a grate, a fuel-feeding passage leading into the fire pot having its outer end. closed by a chambered door havinginner and outer walls, the chamber within the door being in communication with the external air, and spaced. plates in the lower part of the fuel feeding pasage one above the other, the space between said plates beingin communication with the chamber within the door, the upper plate having its front edge spaced from the inner wall of the door providing a discharge passage for heated air that delivers the air above the fuppermost plate into the fuel-feeding passage, a second discharge passage leading from the passage formed by said spaced plates, to the space below the grate, and simultaneously operable dampers for said discharge passages that alternately open and close such openings.

5. A fuel burning apparatus having a fire pot, a grate, an air preheating chamber hav- 111g outlets that lead, respectively, 'to the fire pot above the grate and to the space below the grate, and means alternately to close and open communication through said outlets, comprising operatively connected dam:

"tom end. each 4L me?" its inner Walls imper-fombe, and communicating through its beef/0m with the chamber the base member, an air-preheating chemeer having outlets that lead, EESPBCtiVBlY, t0 -the space above the grate, and to the chemeey 01': said intermediate member, and means he discharwe air from said preheating chemnew; e1eernete3y to the spaee ebeve the grate and "he the chamber in said intermediaze member.

In tesbimeny that K shim the foregoing 2O 1 I have hereeme see my mend HARPI 

